【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforPreparationofWorkingReferenceMaterialsforUseinAnalysisofNuclearFuelCycleMaterials
【原文标准名称】:核燃料循环材料分析用操作参考材料的制备的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1128-2001(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.08
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:certifiedreferencematerial(CRM);characterization;documentation;package;referencematerial(RM);Containers;Dataanalysis--nuclear;Hazardousmaterials(environmental);Labels/labeling;Nuclearfuels(reactor);Nuclearmaterials/applications;Q
【摘要】:Certifiedreferencematerials(CRMs)preparedfromnuclearmaterialsaregenerallyofhighpurity,possessingchemicalstabilityorreproduciblestoichiometry.Usuallytheyarecertifiedusingthemostunbiasedandprecisemeasurementmethodsavailable,oftenwithmorethanonelaboratorybeinginvolvedinmakingcertificationmeasurements.CRMsaregenerallyusedonanationalorinternationallevel,andtheyareatthetopofthemetrologicalhierarchyofreferencematerials.AgraphicalrepresentationofanationalnuclearmeasurementsystemisshowninFig.3.Workingreferencematerials(WRMs)needtohavequalitycharacteristicsthataresimilartoCRMs,althoughtherigorusedtoachievethosecharacteristicsisnotusuallyasstringentasforCRMs.Wherepossible,CRMsareoftenusedtocalibratethemethodsusedforestablishingtheconcentrationvalues(referencevalues)assignedtoWRMs,thusprovidingtraceabilitytoCRMsasrequiredbyISO17025.AWRMisnormallypreparedforaspecificapplication.Becauseoftheimportanceofhavinghighlyreliablemeasurementdatafromnuclearmaterials,particularlyforcontrolandaccountabilitypurposes,CRMsaresometimesusedforcalibrationwhenavailable.However,CRMspreparedfromnuclearmaterialsarenotalwaysavailableforspecificapplications.Thus,theremaybeaneedforalaboratorytoprepareWRMsfromnuclearmaterials.Also,CRMsareoftentooexpensive,ortheirsupplyistoolimitedforuseinthequantitiesneededforlong-term,routineuse.Whenproperlyprepared,WRMswillserveequallywellasCRMsformostapplications,andusingWRMswillpreservesuppliesofCRMs.DifficultiesmaybeencounteredinthepreparationofRMsfromnuclearmaterialsbecauseofthechemicalandphysicalpropertiesofthematerials.Chemicalinstabilities,problemsinensuringstoichiometry,andradioactivityarefactorsinvolved,withallthreefactorsbeinginvolvedwithsomematerials.ThosepreparingWRMsfromnuclearmaterialsmustbeawareofhowthesefactorsaffectpreparation,aswellasbeingawareoftheothercriteriagoverningthepreparationofreliableWRMs.1.1Thisguidecoversthepreparationandcharacterizationofworkingreferencematerials(WRM)thatareproducedbyalaboratoryforitsownuseintheanalysisofnuclearmaterials.GuidanceisprovidedforestablishingtraceabilityofWRMstocertifiedreferencematerialsbyadefinedcharacterizationprocess.Theguidanceprovidedisgeneric;itisnotspecificforagivenmaterial.1.2Theinformationprovidedbythisguideisfoundinthefollowingsections:
Section
Planning
6
Preparation
7
PackagingandStorage
8
Characterization
9
StatisticalAnalysis
10
Documentation
11
【英文标准名称】:Mountedgrindingpoints;non-cylindricaltypes
【原文标准名称】:磨头.非圆柱形
【标准号】:DIN69170-4-1988
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1988-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:设计;材料;研磨笔;切削工具;尺寸;工具;作标记;砂轮
【英文主题词】:grindingpencils;cuttingtools;tools;dimensions;materials;grindingwheels;design;marking
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J43
【国际标准分类号】:25_100_70
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语