【英文标准名称】:Protectiveclothingforfirefighters-Requirementsandtestmethodsforfirehoodsforfirefighters
【原文标准名称】:消防员防护服.消防员用头盔的要求和试验方法
【标准号】:BSEN13911-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2004-04-28
【实施或试行日期】:2004-04-28
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Thisstandardspecifiesminimumsafetyrequirementsandtestmethodsforafirehoodtobewornduringfirefightingoperationsandassociatedactivities.Thisstandardonlyappliesinsituationswhenprotectiveclothing(EN469),breathingapparatus(EN136andEN137),andhelmet(EN443)arealsoworn.
【中国标准分类号】:C84
【国际标准分类号】:13_340_10
【页数】:16P;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforLiquidImpingementErosionUsingRotatingApparatus
【原文标准名称】:使用转动仪器进行液体冲蚀试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMG73-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:G02.10
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:dropletimpact;erosion;erosionbyliquids;erosionresistance;erosiontest;liquidimpact;liquidimpingement;rainerosion;rotatingarmapparatus;Degradation;Destructivetesting;Distributedimpacttests;Electrodepositedcoatings;Erosion;Impact
【摘要】:ErosionEnvironments8212;Thistestmethodmaybeusedforevaluatingtheerosionresistanceofmaterialsforserviceenvironmentswheresolidsurfacesaresubjectedtorepeatedimpactsbyliquiddropsorjets.Occasionally,liquidimpacttestshavealsobeenusedtoevaluatematerialsexposedtoacavitatingliquidenvironment.Thetestmethodisnotintendednorapplicableforevaluatingorpredictingtheresistanceofmaterialsagainsterosionduetosolidparticleimpingement,duetox201C;impingementcorrosionx201D;inbubblyflows,duetoliquidsorslurriesx201C;washingx201D;overasurface,orduetocontinuoushigh-velocityliquidjetsaimedatasurface.Forbackgroundonvariousformsoferosionanderosiontests,seeRefs(1)through(7).Ref(6)isanexcellentcomprehensivetreatise.DiscussionofErosionResistance8212;Liquidimpingementerosionandcavitationerosionare,broadlyspeaking,similarprocessesandtherelativeresistanceofmaterialstothemissimilar.Inboth,thedamageisassociatedwithrepeated,small-scale,high-intensitypressurepulsesactingonthesolidsurface.Theprecisefailuremechanismsinthesolidhavebeenshowntodifferdependingonthematerial,andonthedetailednature,scale,andintensityofthefluid-solidinteractions(Note1).Thus,x201C;erosionresistancex201D;shouldnotberegardedasoneprecisely-definablepropertyofamaterial,butratherasacomplexofpropertieswhoserelativeimportancemaydifferdependingonthevariablesjustmentioned.(Ithasnotyetbeenpossibletosuccessfullycorrelateerosionresistancewithanyindependentlymeasurablematerialproperty.)Forthesereasons,theconsistencybetweenrelativeerosionresistanceasmeasuredindifferentfacilitiesorunderdifferentconditionsisnotverygood.Differencesbetweentwomaterialsofsay20%orlessareprobablynotsignificant:anothertestmightwellshowthemrankedinreverseorder.Forbulkmaterialssuchasmetalsandstructuralplastics,therangeoferosionresistancesismuchgreaterthanthatoftypicalstrengthproperties:OnanormalizedscaleonwhichType316stainlesssteelisgivenavalueofunity,themostresistantmaterials(someStellitesandtoolsteels)mayhavevaluesgreaterthan10,andtheleastresistant(softaluminum,someplastics)valueslessthan0.1(seeRefs(7)and(8)).Note18212;Onfailuremechanismsinparticular,seeinRef(6)underx201C;TheMechanicsofLiquidImpactx201D;byW.F.Adler,x201C;ErosionofSolidSurfacesbytheImpactofLiquidDropsx201D;byJ.H.BruntonandM.C.Rochester,andx201C;CavitationErosionx201D;byC.M.Preece.SignificanceoftheVariationofErosionRatewithTime:Therateoferosionduetoliquidimpactorcavitationisnotconstantwithtime,butexhibitsoneofseveralx201C;erosionrate-timepatternsx201D;discussedmorefullyin10.3.3.Themostcommonpatternconsistsofanx201C;incubationp......